{"id":5143,"date":"2016-06-20T10:10:55","date_gmt":"2016-06-20T09:10:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/?p=5143"},"modified":"2019-09-26T10:10:45","modified_gmt":"2019-09-26T08:10:45","slug":"caracteriser-la-morphologie-des-neurones-et-des-astrocytes-in-vivo-par-spectroscopie-par-resonance-magnetique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/2016\/06\/caracteriser-la-morphologie-des-neurones-et-des-astrocytes-in-vivo-par-spectroscopie-par-resonance-magnetique\/","title":{"rendered":"Caract\u00e9riser la morphologie des neurones et des astrocytes in vivo par spectroscopie par r\u00e9sonance magn\u00e9tique"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Aborder la morphologie des cellules c\u00e9r\u00e9brales, <em>in vivo<\/em>, de mani\u00e8re non-invasive reste un r\u00e9el d\u00e9fi. Or, la morphologie des neurones et astrocytes est susceptible d&#8217;\u00eatre alt\u00e9r\u00e9e au cours de certaines affections, en particulier les maladies neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives. Il serait donc extr\u00eamement pertinent de disposer d&#8217;une m\u00e9thode d&#8217;imagerie non-invasive permettant d&#8217;acc\u00e9der \u00e0 ces caract\u00e9ristiques morphologiques. Malheureusement, la finesse de la structure de ces cellules, ainsi que leur extr\u00eame imbrication, les placent bien en dessous de la r\u00e9solution de toutes les techniques d&#8217;imagerie c\u00e9r\u00e9brale.<\/p>\n<p>Le groupe de Julien Valette (MIRCen) au CEA de Fontenay aux Roses a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9, dans le cadre d&#8217;un projet financ\u00e9 par le Conseil Europ\u00e9en de la Recherche (ERC), une strat\u00e9gie pour quantifier certaines caract\u00e9ristiques morphologiques des neurones et astrocytes, publi\u00e9e en mai 2016 dans la revue PNAS. Cette m\u00e9thode indirecte est bas\u00e9e sur la mesure, par des approches \u200boriginales de spectroscopie par r\u00e9sonance magn\u00e9tique in vivo, de la diffusion de mol\u00e9cules naturellement et sp\u00e9cifiquement pr\u00e9sentes \u00e0 l&#8217;int\u00e9rieur des cellules, afin de \u00ab\u00a0sentir\u00a0\u00bb de l&#8217;int\u00e9rieur la structure cellulaire contraignant la diffusion de ces mol\u00e9cules. Les donn\u00e9es de diffusion sont ensuite mod\u00e9lis\u00e9es, par simulations num\u00e9riques dans des \u00ab\u00a0cellules virtuelles\u00a0\u00bb effectu\u00e9es massivement sur processeur graphique, pour en extraire la complexit\u00e9 et la taille des cellules dans le volume c\u00e9r\u00e9bral \u00e9tudi\u00e9. La strat\u00e9gie propos\u00e9e, bien que n\u00e9cessitant encore des \u00e9tapes de validation, laisse ainsi entrevoir la possibilit\u00e9 de mesurer de mani\u00e8re non-invasive la morphologie des cellules du cerveau.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e9f\u00e9rence de l\u2019article\u00a0: Palombo M, Ligneul C, Najac C, Le Douce J, Flament J, Escartin C, Hantraye P, Brouillet E, Bonvento G, Valette J. (2016) New paradigm to assess brain cell morphology by diffusion-weighted MR spectroscopy in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Jun 14;113(24):6671-6. doi: 10.1073\/pnas.1504327113. Epub 2016 May 25.<\/p>\n<p>Lien vers l\u2019article\u00a0(open access) :\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/113\/24\/6671.long\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PNAS open access<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Contact :\u00a0 <a href=\"mailto:julien.valette@cea.fr\">Julien Valette<\/a>, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives \/ MIRCen, UMR9199 CEA-CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud, I2BM, DRF, CEA, Fontenay aux Roses, France.<\/p>\n<p>Cr\u00e9dit photo : Julien Valette\/Marco Palombo<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aborder la morphologie des cellules c\u00e9r\u00e9brales, in vivo, de mani\u00e8re non-invasive reste un r\u00e9el d\u00e9fi. Or, la morphologie des neurones et astrocytes est susceptible d&#8217;\u00eatre alt\u00e9r\u00e9e au cours de certaines affections, en particulier les maladies neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives. Il serait donc extr\u00eamement pertinent de disposer d&#8217;une m\u00e9thode d&#8217;imagerie non-invasive permettant d&#8217;acc\u00e9der \u00e0 ces caract\u00e9ristiques morphologiques. Malheureusement, la [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5148,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[31],"class_list":["post-5143","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-actualite-en"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-04-22 09:03:22","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5143"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5143\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12049,"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5143\/revisions\/12049"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.neurosciences.asso.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}